SECTION 1 — What Hair Is: The Science, In 2 Minutes

Duration: 15 minutes

Understanding Hair from the Start

Hair begins as lanugo (the fine first hair we grow in the womb), then develops into vellus and terminal hair — the fibre we work with as stylists. Terminal hair is made of keratin, a strong protein arranged in layers:

• Cuticle (outer layer)

• Cortex (strength + shape)

• Medulla (sometimes absent, especially in curly hair)

Why Afro Hair Is Curly

The twists, bends and curves in the follicle shape create curls — ranging from mild waves to tight coils. These bends also create uneven moisture distribution, which is why afro and mixed-race hair tends to feel dry and why Afrotility’s method focuses on heat-free techniques that protect moisture and fibre strength.

A Quick Comparison Chart

Important: Afro hair is curly.
Refusing to name it as such is a legacy of colonial categorisation.
Using scientific, neutral terminology helps shift mindsets, create respect, and improve research and professional standards.